How Mississippi Inspired the Teddy Bear Phenomenon – Then(1903)

Being from Mississippi, it seems like we hardly ever receive the credit for anything positive.

But many great people and great things have come from the Hospitality State…

Foods like Mississippi Pot Roast and Mississippi Mud Pie.

People like Norman Freeman and Oprah Winfrey…

But there is one thing that hardly anyone associates with Mississippi.

Yet this one thing has become one of the most popular gifts ever for children…a cherished symbol of affection, congratulations or even sympathy…a source of inspiration for film, story and song…and often a collector’s item worthy of being adored and appreciated for generations.

The teddy bear.

cozy teddy bear on a bed with floral blanket
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So what does the teddy bear have to do with Mississippi?

In 1902, Andrew H. Longino, the 35th governor of Mississippi, , invited Roosevelt and some of his staff members to go bear hunting in Mississippi.

Interesting, because who really even dares to hunt bears? Seems dangerous to me.

Even more interesting, because I have lived in Mississippi for over 50 years and have never seen a bear other than in the zoo…

Although Ole Miss did supposedly change its mascot from the Rebel to the Mississippi Brown Bear a few years back in an attempt to be politically correct…(Lord, help us all)…

Anyway…

Most of the hunting party were able to scare and snare a bear…

close up photo of a grizzly bear
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Except for Roosevelt.

So, some of the members of the group set their hunting dogs on a long and exhausting chase to find a poor American black bear…without telling Roosevelt, of course.

The hunters cornered and clubbed a bear. Then they tied it to a willow tree, summoned Roosevelt to the site and suggested that he should shoot the bear.

However, Roosevelt refused to shoot the tethered bear…saying that this was unsportsmanlike.

Sounds like a pleasant hunting trip…but not necessarily a historic even that would impact society even 100 years later.

Also sounds like another American President perhaps as honest as Abraham Lincoln.

But remember, this decade was the heyday of political cartoons.

On November 16, 1902, a cartoon depicting this incident was published in The Washington Post.

The cartoon, published by Clifford Berryman, showed an adult black bear being lassoed two people – one an unidentified man, the other a disgusted American President.

This cartoon inspired Morris Michtom, a New York candy shop owner, to create a small soft bear cub toy.

He set this toy in his store window, along with a sign reading “Teddy’s bear.”

Surprisingly to him, “Teddy’s bear” went viral.

So viral in fact, that Michtom eventually was able to found the Ideal Novelty and Toy Co…(more on this later)

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And also popular enough to spark social controversy.

In 1907,  Michael G. Esper began a campaign against the teddy bear.

Esper, a Catholic priest in Michigan, declared teddy bears to be “horrible monstrosities.”

He claimed that replacing the “good old dolls” with teddy bears would be a big mistake. Girls would lose the urge to nurture babies. This would result in declining birth rates among the white population and racial suicide.

This movement attracted widespread but short-lived attention.

Thank goodness that they were unable to stop production of the teddy bear.

I still proudly hold on to my Teddy Ruxpin…daring anyone to touch it.

It All Started with Paper

Walter Timmis was a consulting engineer at a Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company oin Brooklyn, New York.

But this publishing company had a problem

Timmis turned to the Manhattan office of the Buffalo Forge Company, a company that designed and manufactured steam engines and pumps.

He explained this problem to J. Irvine Lyle, the head of Buffalo Forge’s sales activities in New York.

His printing paper was soaking up moisture because of the high temperatures and high levels of humidity in the printing press building. As a result, his paper expanded and contracted in size.

green and black industrial machine
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At the time, printing was a tedious process that involved running the printing press over a single piece of paper…applying one color of ink to the paper at a time.

By the time four different colors of ink were applied, the colors would be misaligned.

The company was turning out low-quality work.

The company was also wasting its resources and losing production days.

The problem was so bad that several of his most important clients threatened to take their work elsewhere.

Timms needed the Buffalo Forge to figure out how he could control humidity at the printing press.

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Industrial Revolution

This was the middle of the Industrial Revolution.

Factories were being built by the dozen.

Yet nobody had yet figured out how to use “modern” technology to create a comfortable microclimate indoors. Previous attempts had not been efficient enough or had been too cumbersome for commercial use.

He recognized the importance of being able to control the humidity levels in a manufacturing environment.

He also thought he knew someone who could easily solve this dilemma.

So he accepted the proposal.

Boost Indoor Air Quality with Regular Vacuuming

Anyone else remember watching Carl Sagan talk about “billions and billions” of planets out there…

Well, that could also be how much “gross” stuff – allergens, dirt, dust mites, food particles, mold spores, pet hair and dander, pollen, pollutants – could be lurking way down in the nooks and crannies of your carpet fibers…

Thankfully, we no longer have to depend on Puffing Billy to come embarrass by dragging out these demons and devils that have come to rest on our precious floors…

We no longer have to worry about all of our demons being seen…piped out of our windows and into the lawn for all of God’s creation to see and laugh at.

But there are probably things that each of us could do to improve our vacuuming…

And if you’re like me, one of those things that we could…and probably should…be doing is vacuuming on a regular basis, not only when the floor is disgusting or company (or your mom) is coming over.

Free toothbrush toothpaste image

Regularly vacuuming, much like brushing your teeth, has too many benefits not to ignore…such as…

  • Better indoor air quality
  • Fewer pests, specifically ants and cockroaches
  • Healthier living environment
  • Improved air quality
  • Longer life enduranc of furnishings
  • More visually appealing home

To keep your floor looking their best year-round. Vacuum at least once a week. You may need to vacuum more frequently if you have pets.

You may need to vacuum high foot-traffic areas more frequently.

You might also want to vacuum more frequently in the spring or fall…when allergy season is at its peak. This will help improve indoor air quality

To keep your floor looking their best year-round. Vacuum at least once a week. You may need to vacuum more frequently if you have pets.

You may need to vacuum high foot-traffic areas more frequently.

You might also want to vacuum more frequently in the spring or fall…when allergy season is at its peak. This will help improve indoor air quality

young elephant in indoor habitat display
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The Elephant in the Room

It’s kinda hard to vacuum, if you don’t have a vacuum.

But even if you do have a vacuum, it can still be rather hard.

First of all, you should not have just any vacuum…you need to have the right vacuum for your specific needs.

Having the right tool for the job makes all the difference.

The “Elephant in the Room” Vacuum Cleaner

There are basically two lines of thought as far as the “big” vacuum cleaner: the canister vacuum cleaner or the upright vacuum cleaner.

This choice should be based on what type of surface you will be vacuuming most.

  • Hardwood or tile: Canister: Weigh less than upright vacuum cleaners…better at cleaning stairs, high areas and hard-to-reach spots…typically have softer brushes than other types of vacuums. These softer brushes will keep your floor from getting scratched.
  • Carpets or large areas: Upright: Stronger “suction” power and rotating brushes make upright vacuum cleaners the best vacuum cleaners for deep cleaning carpets

In addition to the “front and center” vacuum cleaner, you may want to consider adding these three vacuum cleaners to your cleaning arsenal also:

a woman cleaning a couch with a vacuum
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Cordless Handheld Vacuum Cleaner:   Who in their right mind wants to drag out the “Big Bertha” every time they feel like vacuuming?

Especially when all you need to do is vacuum up a small mess or vacuum in a particular area – such as car floors and couch cushions.

Thank God for these smaller, lightweight sisters…the perfect answer for vacuuming under the kitchen table every time you try to feed your two year old.

However, smaller handheld vacuum cleaners are not as powerful as their bigger sisters.

round robot vacuum
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Robot Vacuum Cleaners:

I never was quick to jump in on this bandwagon.

I have heard too many people complain about their robot vacuum cleaners not meeting their expectations…

These tech-savvy creations may be smart enough to navigate their way throughout your home on their own…and do a light dusting along the way…

But will they ever be able to replace the thoroughness of traditional vacuum cleaner being used by a real person?

I’ve never bought one, and probably never will.

But if you actually have one and are actually impressed, let me know.

a person cleaning a wooden floor using a vacuum cleaner
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Stick Vacuum Cleaners: These lightweight vacuum cleaners are also great when you don’t want to bring out “Big Bertha,”

And at the same time, don’t want to have to get down on your hands and knees to clean up a mess…(believe me, this gets older with age)…

Woman vacuuming carpet with vintage Whiz-Bang 5000 electric vacuum cleaner
A joyful woman cleans her living room with a charming vintage vacuum cleaner

Then(1907): Spangler’s Spangled Electric Suction Vacuum Cleaner

James Murray Spangler brought about the next significant leap towards the vacuum cleaner as we know it today

His vacuum cleaner was created out of a necessity…the necessity of treating his own asthma.

Spangler worked as a janitor in a department store in Canton, Ohio.

Spangler developed a chronic cough. He assumed that this cough was the result of the airborne dust being stirred up by the carpet sweeper he was using to clean the store.

Being a tinkerer and amateur inventor, he decided to solve this dilemma.

His design consisted of an old electric ceiling fan motor, a broom handle and one of his wife’s pillowcases.

This device is said to be the first “portable, electric vacuum cleaner.”

This was also the first vacuum cleaner that was lightweight enough and practical enough for household use.

This vacuum cleaner was also the first vacuum cleaner powered by electricity instead of a gasoline-powered motor.

After improving this first design, Spangler obtained a patent for this design on June 2, 1908.

He soon formed the Electric Suction Sweeper Company.

This was a family business. His son helped him assemble the machines. His daughter assembled the dust bags.

However, they were only able to produce two or three vacuum cleaners each week.

Hubert Cecil Booth and His “Puffing Billy” Vacuum

On August 30, 1901, Hubert Cecil Booth, a British engineer,  patented a motorized vacuum cleaner that he had named “Puffing Billy.”

Booth had been inspired by Thurman’s “pneumatic carpet renovator” after watching a demonstration in London.

Booth realized that reversing the air direction could improve its ability to clean. Vacuum cleaners should suck trash and debris towards themselves, not push it away.

This vacuum-cleaning monster was enormous…weighing four thousand pounds.

On cleaning days, “Puffing Billy” would arrive at the customer’s home or business in a horse-drawn carriage that had been painted red to resemble a 19th-century firetruck

Crowds would then watch as long hoses were run from the street and through the windows, reaching into all parts of the building.

As the loud engines roared, they stood amazed as they saw astonishing quantities of dust and debris being piled up inside the glass-walled receptacle.

westminster abbey front view in london
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In 1902, King Edward VII was coronated.

As part of the preparation for this coronation, Booth used the Puffing Billy to clean the blue “Coronation carpet” underneath the throne at Westminster Abbey.

This high-profile gig influenced other wealthy British households to hire Puffing Billy. As did the heads of state in France, Russia and Turkey. Noblemen who purchased Booth’s machine include Tzar Nicholas II of Russia and Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany.

Not only that…

Twenty-six tons of dust were removed from the girders of Crystal Palace during an outbreak of spotted fever during World War One.

Success of Booth’s horse-drawn vacuum led to wealthy families in London and New York installing their own gas-powered vacuum pumps inside their homes to be operated by the “help.”

By 1903, society hostesses everywhere were throwing “vacuum cleaner” parties so their friends could watch the machines in amazement.

Yet Booth found himself surrounded not only with a list of negative reviews and a string of court cases. Many people complained about the disruption that the machine caused on the streets, especially frightening horses.

However, Booth was able to finally convince both judge and jury that his powerful machine was the only vacuum cleaner at the time that actually worked.

Despite the drama and theatre of Booth’s machine, the basic technology and the suction principle was the same as in most vacuum cleaners today.

The Puffing Billy system is considered the first true suction-based vacuum cleaner – a significant leap in cleaning technology.